{"id":9039278,"date":"2025-09-03T07:00:11","date_gmt":"2025-09-03T07:00:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gremicat.es\/?p=9039278"},"modified":"2025-09-03T07:50:32","modified_gmt":"2025-09-03T07:50:32","slug":"absencies-del-treballador-sense-justificar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gremicat.es\/ca\/absencies-del-treballador-sense-justificar\/","title":{"rendered":"Abs\u00e8ncies del treballador sense justificar"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Cada vegada \u00e9s m\u00e9s habitual que els empleats comuniquin que no aniran a treballar perqu\u00e8 no es troben b\u00e9. No obstant aix\u00f2, aquesta manera d'actuar no sempre justifica l'abs\u00e8ncia legalment. <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00a0<\/p>

Cada vegada \u00e9s m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent que un treballador comuniqui a l’empresa per WhatsApp, SMS o fins i tot per correu electr\u00f2nic que no acudir\u00e0 a treballar perqu\u00e8 no es troba b\u00e9. Davant aquesta mena de comunicaci\u00f3 informal, l’empresa ha d’exigir sempre una justificaci\u00f3 formal i actuar conforme a la legalitat per a evitar problemes laborals i garantir el correcte funcionament de l’equip.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Quines opcions existeixen per a justificar l'abs\u00e8ncia?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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1. Rep\u00f2s domiciliari (sense baixa m\u00e8dica)<\/b><\/p>

  • Si el treballador acudeix al seu centre m\u00e8dic per s\u00edmptomes lleus, pot rebre un comunicat de rep\u00f2s domiciliari, que recomana guardar rep\u00f2s durant 24, 48 o 72 hores.<\/li>
  • Aquest document no \u00e9s una baixa m\u00e8dica, per\u00f2 serveix per a justificar l’abs\u00e8ncia i evitar una sanci\u00f3 per falta injustificada.<\/li>
  • L’empresa pot descomptar el salari corresponent a aquests dies, ja que no existeix suspensi\u00f3 del contracte.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Qu\u00e8 ha de fer l'empresa?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Sol\u00b7licitar al treballador que lliuri al m\u00e9s aviat possible el justificant del metge. Sense aquest comunicat, l’abs\u00e8ncia ser\u00e0 injustificada.<\/p>

    2. Baixa m\u00e8dica per incapacitat temporal<\/b><\/p>

    • Si el treballador acudeix al metge i aquest considera que no est\u00e0 en condicions de treballar, emetr\u00e0 el comunicat de baixa m\u00e8dica.<\/li>
    • En aquest cas:<\/li><\/ul>
      • El contracte se susp\u00e8n temporalment.<\/li>
      • S’activa el proc\u00e9s d’Incapacitat Temporal (IT).<\/li>
      • No \u00e9s necessari que el treballador lliuri f\u00edsicament el comunicat, ja que aquest ser\u00e0 enviat telem\u00e0ticament a l’INSS pel servei de salut o la m\u00fatua.<\/li><\/ul>

        Atenci\u00f3<\/b>. Si l’empleat no pot acudir al metge el mateix dia, pot anar un o l’endem\u00e0 passat i sol\u00b7licitar que se li emeti la baixa amb efectes retroactius (habitual si hi ha febre o altres malalties que impedeixen el despla\u00e7ament).<\/p>

        Qu\u00e8 ha de fer l’empresa? Esperar la notificaci\u00f3 autom\u00e0tica de l’INSS. El treballador no t\u00e9 obligaci\u00f3 de remetre-li el comunicat.<\/p>


        3. Abs\u00e8ncia sense justificar<\/strong>
        \u2022 Si el treballador no presenta cap justificant m\u00e8dic, l’empresa est\u00e0 davant una falta injustificada.
        \u2022 En aquest cas, l’empresa:
        \u2022 Pot descomptar el salari del dia no treballat.
        \u2022 Pot iniciar un procediment disciplinari en funci\u00f3 del conveni col\u00b7lectiu aplicable.<\/p>


        Exemple:<\/strong> molts convenis consideren una falta injustificada d’un dia com una falta lleu, sancionable amb una amonestaci\u00f3 per escrit. Si s’acumulen diverses, pot donar lloc a una falta greu o molt greu.
        Qu\u00e8 ha de fer l’empresa? Requerir al treballador el justificant. Si no ho aporta, deixar const\u00e0ncia escrita de l’abs\u00e8ncia injustificada i iniciar el procediment sancionador si escau.
        Qu\u00e8 passa amb els comunicats m\u00e8dics?
        \u2022 Comunicat de rep\u00f2s (sense baixa) \u2192 el treballador ha de lliurar-lo directament a l’empresa.
        \u2022 Comunicat de baixa m\u00e8dica \u2192 no ha de lliurar-se, ho comunica l’INSS directament a l’empresa o a la seva assessoria\/gestoria per via telem\u00e0tica.<\/p>

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        I si el treballador nom\u00e9s avisa per WhatsApp per\u00f2 no aporta cap document?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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        \u00a0<\/p>

        Un missatge dient “no em trobo b\u00e9” no justifica l’abs\u00e8ncia ni protegeix el treballador de possibles conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies disciplin\u00e0ries. \u00c9s imprescindible:<\/p>

        • Que acudeixi al metge.<\/li>
        • Que obtingui un justificant v\u00e0lid (part de rep\u00f2s o de baixa).<\/li>
        • Que ho remeti o gestioni correctament, segons el cas.<\/li><\/ul>

          Recomanacions per a l’empresa<\/b><\/p>

          • Sol\u00b7liciti sempre un justificant, encara que la comunicaci\u00f3 inicial sigui informal.<\/li>
          • Consulti el seu conveni col\u00b7lectiu per a establir el tipus de sanci\u00f3 en cas de falta injustificada.<\/li>
          • Documenti les abs\u00e8ncies i les respostes del treballador davant requeriments.<\/li>
          • No assumeixi autom\u00e0ticament que un av\u00eds per WhatsApp implica una justificaci\u00f3 legal v\u00e0lida.<\/li>
          • En cas de reincid\u00e8ncia, documenti tot per a refor\u00e7ar futures mesures disciplin\u00e0ries proporcionals.<\/li><\/ul>

            Per a ampliar aquesta informaci\u00f3 consulti amb Assessoria laboral<\/p>

            Si t’ha semblat interessant comparteix-ho en xarxes socials, gr\u00e0cies!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Cada vegada \u00e9s m\u00e9s habitual que els empleats comuniquin que no aniran a treballar perqu\u00e8 no es troben b\u00e9. No obstant aix\u00f2, aquesta manera d’actuar no sempre justifica l’abs\u00e8ncia legalment. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9030362,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9039278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-laboral-cat"],"yoast_head":"\nAbs\u00e8ncies del treballador sense justificar - gremicat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cada vegada \u00e9s m\u00e9s habitual que els empleats comuniquin que no aniran a treballar perqu\u00e8 no es troben b\u00e9. 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